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Turul, Hungarian mythological bird above the Habsburg Steps overlooking the Royal Palace of Buda, by Peter Brown, in http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turul (Creative Commons |
Archive for May, 2014
The Turul Bird: an Addendum to My Bird Myth Posts
Sunday, May 25th, 2014Test Sentences, 78
Sunday, May 25th, 2014Continuing with Gary’s list:
- Come with us.
- Bring your friends with you.
These two have exactly the same structure. Go with us, and go with your friends.
106. ŋidi lɛnnanɛn tɨŋi ki.
- ŋidi
- 2P.MTsg
- lɛnna
- 1P.MTpl
- -nɛn
- with
- tɨŋi
- tɨŋi.IMP
- ki
- HORT
107. ŋidi syannanɛn tɨŋi ki.
- ŋidi
- 2P.MTsg
- syannanɛn
- friend.MTpl
- tɨŋi
- with
- ki
- tɨŋi.IMP
Questions?
Test Sentences, 77
Saturday, May 24th, 2014Continuing with Gary’s list:
- Keep this secret until tomorrow.
This needs paraphrased to Don’t say this hidden-thing before tomorrow. And hidden-thing is an example of an adjective without its noun, so therefore a nominalized adjective. And mɛdduso is duso prefixed to allow only one S. Since duso is often used for speech between multiple people, this implies an unspoken someone for you to tell the secret to.
105. ŋidi lamɨdɛn mɛdduso lannal galaba be.
- ŋidi
- 2P.MTsg
- lamɨdɛn
- secret.MTsg
- mɛh-
- out
- duso
- duso.IMP
- lannal
- tomorrow
- galaba
- before
- be
- NEG.CMD
Questions?
Test Sentences, 76
Friday, May 23rd, 2014Continuing with Gary’s list:
- Listen.
- Sit here by me.
Right, commands. Commands are marked with an end-of-clause particle ka. There is also be for negative commands, and ki for polite requests. Since this has a period and not an exclamation point, I am going to assume it is a polite request.
“Listen.” translates to “to your ears this comes”.
103. ŋi sada deya ono ki.
- ŋi
- 2P
- sada
- ear.MTsg
- deya
- this.MTsg
- ono
- ono.IMP
- ki
- HORT
104. ŋidi dantɛndɛ leneya ki.
- ŋidi
- 2P.MTsg
- dan-
- along
- tɛndɛ
- tɛndɛ.IMP
- leneya
- 1P.SSsg
Questions?
throne is taruin
Friday, May 23rd, 2014Word derivation for "throne":
Basque = tronu
Finnish = valtaistuin (valta (power) + istuin (seat))
Miresua = taruin
The word throne occurs once in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.
The King and Queen of Hearts were seated on their throne when they arrived, with a great crowd assembled about them -- all sorts of little birds and beasts, as well as the whole pack of cards...."
Test Sentences, 75
Thursday, May 22nd, 2014Continuing with Gary’s list:
- How wide is the river?
The river lies which wide?
102. tanan daɬa baŋi oɬon dɛmɛ?
- tanan
- river.MTsg
- daɬa
- daɬa.IMP
- baŋi
- which
- oɬon
- wide.MTsg
- dɛmɛ
- DUB
Questions?
Dairwueh: Verbs for possession
Thursday, May 22nd, 2014The two main verbs are gadek and surdun. Gadek is used when the possession of a thing is seen as something beneficial. On the opposing side, surdun obviously stands for ungainful possession.
By adding a reflexive morpheme, gadek and surdun become intensive. The intensive of surdun basically means 'being overburdened by, succumbing to', whereas gadek in its intensive form tends to be used to denote strategic, decisive advantages given by the possessed thing.
Certain things that English could express using have is not expressed that way in Dairwueh. Diseases are suffered, pusteg, you are born, imbet, for your relatives (who are in the dative), younger relatives are born to the status of having you as a relative, placing you in the dative. The verbs used for expressing relatives also are used to state other things about relations. These complications require a small diversion:
eme imbewis nesepalci resepank
I born.past saints.dat criminals.dat.and
I have saints and criminals for relatives/my relatives are saints and criminals
eme imbewis loparci
I born.past brother.dat - I have a(n older) brother
lopar imbewiŋ wemibrother born.pastIIIsg me.dat - I have a (younger) brother
If one wants to express a multitude of relatives, if there is a single one older than the person whose relatives are being listed, that person is the subject, if all are younger, he's the indirect object.
eme komi imbewis sopind
I him-dat born-1sg_past cousin - I was born his cousin
kon wemi imbewiŋ sopind
he me-dat ... - he was born my cousinGenerally, ungainful but unharmful possession is expressed using gadek. However, if there is a need to distinguish neutral status from beneficial status - which does happen on occasion, more so in the literary and legal languages than in colloquial varieties, a number of periphrastic constructions are used, such as "X is Y-dat", "Y holds X", "Y took X" for the neutral type.
Test Sentences, 74
Wednesday, May 21st, 2014Continuing with Gary’s list:
- Are these shoes too big for you?
Here we will use a prefixed form of tɛndɛ, namely etɛndɛ, which with an adjective in the location spot means “A is very ADJ”. So: For you, these shoes sit very big?
101. ŋideya dayi kyati etɛndɛ oni dɛmɛ?
- ŋideya
- 2p.SSsg
- dayi
- III.SSpl
- kyati
- shoe.SSpl
- e-
- in
- tɛndɛ
- tɛndɛ.IMP
- oni
- big.SSpl
- dɛmɛ
- DUB
Questions?
Test Sentences, 73
Tuesday, May 20th, 2014Continuing with Gary’s list:
- Is this the first kitten of the litter?
This sits (as) the litter’s first kitten?
100. ha tɛndɛ moɬkɛdɛ da iddɨse andana dɛmɛ?
- ha
- II.MTsg
- tɛndɛ
- tɛndɛ.IMP
- moɬkɛdɛ
- litter.SSsg
- da
- PS
- iddɨse
- kitten.MTsg
- andana
- first.MTsg
- dɛmɛ
- DUB
Questions?
Recap #3
Monday, May 19th, 2014I suppose, now that I have done 99 sentences, I should do a recap. Rather than go through multiple posts on vocabulary, though, I am going to give you a small present: a pdf of the dictionary, in progress…
You might like some of the stuff at the back, too.